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1.
Resuscitation ; 192: 109965, 2023 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37709164

RESUMO

AIM: To analyze differences in ventilatory parameters and outcome with different ventilatory methods during CPR. METHODS: Pragmatic prospective quasi-experimental study in out-of-hospital urban environment. Patients over 18 years of age in non-traumatic cardiac arrest, attended by an emergency medical service between April 2021 and September 2022, were included. Two groups were compared according to the ventilatory method: mechanical ventilator (IPPV, tidal volume 7 ml/kg, frequency 10-12 bpm) or manual resuscitator bag. The main variables of interest are those of gasometry performed 15 minutes after intubation or when spontaneous circulation is recovered and final outcome. Patients were followed up to hospital discharge. RESULTS: Of the 359 patients attended, 150 were included (71 in IPPV and 79 with a bag). In patients with arterial blood gases, pCO2 was 67.8 ± 21.1 in the IPPV group vs 95.9 ± 39.0 mmHg in the bag group (p = 0.006) and pH was 7.00 ± 0.18 vs 6.92 ± 0.18 (p = 0.18). With a venous sample, the pCO2 was 68.1 ± 18.9 vs 89.5 ± 26.5 mmHg (p < 0.001) and the pH was 7.03 ± 0.15 vs 6.94 ± 0.17 (p = 0.005), respectively. Survival with CPC 1-2 to hospital discharge was 15.6% with IPPV and 11.3% with bag (p = 0.44). CONCLUSION: The use of a mechanical ventilator in IPPV was associated with a better ventilatory status during CPR compared to the use of the bag, without conclusive data regarding its clinical repercussion with the sample collected.


Assuntos
Reanimação Cardiopulmonar , Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/terapia , Estudos Prospectivos , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/métodos , Ventiladores Mecânicos
2.
Emergencias ; 35(2): 90-96, 2023 04.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37038938

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Patients with severe or potentially severe trauma must be identified early, a challenge in prehospital settings. This study aimed to analyze the possible diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of analytical markers recorded in the early moments of care. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational study of information extracted from the prospective multicenter Code Trauma database for 2016-2019, excluding data for isolated head injuries. Using the New Injury Severity Score (NISS), we classified cases into 4 levels of severity. NISS and mortality were considered the dependent variables in inferential analyses. We calculated the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves, identified optimal cutoff points (Youden index), and calculated positive (PPV) and negative predictive values.. RESULTS: Of the 1039 trauma patients in the registry, 709 were included in the study. Their mean (SD) age was 40.4 (17.3) years, and 77.3% were men. Motorcycle accidents were the most common causes of trauma (in 21%), and mortality was 12.1%. Lactate concentration, pH, PCO2, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and blood sugar were significantly associated with severity and mortality. The PPVs corresponding to pH for the 4 NISS score groups (34-41, 42-49, 50-59, and $ 60) and mortality, respectively, were 61.2, 64.1, 70.7, 62.2, and 66.6. The PPVs of traditionally used clinical variables were lower. CONCLUSION: Patients with more severe trauma had lower pH values and higher PCO2, lactate, and base excess values. PCO2, pH, and blood sugar findings were the best predictors of severity. Metabolic variables are better predictors than traditionally recorded hemodynamic variables.


OBJETIVO: En entornos de emergencia prehospitalarios, la detección temprana de un paciente con trauma grave o potencialmente crítico es un desafío. El objetivo es analizar las posibilidades diagnósticas y pronóstico de los parámetros analíticos obtenidos en los primeros momentos de la asistencia inicial. METODO: Estudio observacional multicéntrico de la base de datos prospectiva "Código Trauma" de 2016-2019 excluyendo el trauma craneoencefálico aislado. La evaluación de las lesiones se realizó utilizando el New Injury Severity Score (NISS). Los pacientes fueron clasificados en 4 grupos según nivel de gravedad. Para el análisis inferencial, las puntuaciones NISS y el resultado de mortalidad se consideraron variables dependientes. Se realizó el análisis de la curva ROC, puntos de corte óptimos mediante el índice de Youden y se calcularon los valores predictivos positivo (VPP) y negativo. RESULTADOS: De los 1.039 pacientes traumatizados del registro, 709 fueron incluidos en el estudio, con una edad media de 40,4 años (DE 17,3), 77,3% eran varones, el mecanismo lesional principal accidentes de moto (21%) y la mortalidad del 12,1%. El pH, lactato, pCO2, hemoglobina, hematocrito y glucemia influyeron significativamente en gravedad y mortalidad. El VPP de mortalidad para pH fue 61,2, 64,1, 70,7, 62,2 y 66,6 para los grupos de NISS 34- 41, 42-49, 50-59 y $ 60 puntos la mortalidad, respectivamente. Las variables clínicas clásicas obtuvieron valores más bajos. CONCLUSIONES: Los pacientes con mayor gravedad presentaron menor pH y concentraciones más altas de pCO2, lactato y exceso de bases. El pH, la pCO2 y la glucemia tuvieron la mayor capacidad predictiva de gravedad. La capacidad predictiva de los valores metabólicos es superior a la de los valores hemodinámicos clásicos.


Assuntos
Glicemia , Socorristas , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Escala de Gravidade do Ferimento , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos
3.
Emergencias (Sant Vicenç dels Horts) ; 35(2): 90-96, abr. 2023. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-216457

RESUMO

Objetivos. En entornos de emergencia prehospitalarios, la detección temprana de un paciente con trauma grave o potencialmente crítico es un desafío. El objetivo es analizar las posibilidades diagnósticas y pronóstico de los parámetros analíticos obtenidos en los primeros momentos de la asistencia inicial. Métodos. Estudio observacional multicéntrico de la base de datos prospectiva “Código Trauma” de 2016-2019 excluyendo el trauma craneoencefálico aislado. La evaluación de las lesiones se realizó utilizando el New Injury Severity Score (NISS). Los pacientes fueron clasificados en 4 grupos según nivel de gravedad. Para el análisis inferencial, las puntuaciones NISS y el resultado de mortalidad se consideraron variables dependientes. Se realizó el análisis de la curva ROC, puntos de corte óptimos mediante el índice de Youden y se calcularon los valores predictivos positivo (VPP) y negativo. Resultados. De los 1.039 pacientes traumatizados del registro, 709 fueron incluidos en el estudio, con una edad media de 40,4 años (DE 17,3), 77,3% eran varones, el mecanismo lesional principal accidentes de moto (21%) y la mortalidad del 12,1%. El pH, lactato, pCO2, hemoglobina, hematocrito y glucemia influyeron significativamente en gravedad y mortalidad. El VPP de mortalidad para pH fue 61,2, 64,1, 70,7, 62,2 y 66,6 para los grupos de NISS 34-41, 42-49, 50-59 y $ 60 puntos la mortalidad, respectivamente. Las variables clínicas clásicas obtuvieron valores más bajos. Conclusiones. Los pacientes con mayor gravedad presentaron menor pH y concentraciones más altas de pCO2, lactato y exceso de bases. El pH, la pCO2 y la glucemia tuvieron la mayor capacidad predictiva de gravedad. La capacidad predictiva de los valores metabólicos es superior a la de los valores hemodinámicos clásicos. (AU)


Background and objective: Patients with severe or potentially severe trauma must be identified early, a challenge in prehospital settings. This study aimed to analyze the possible diagnostic and prognostic usefulness of analytical markers recorded in the early moments of care. Methods: Observational study of information extracted from the prospective multicenter Code Trauma database for 2016-2019, excluding data for isolated head injuries. Using the New Injury Severity Score (NISS), we classified cases into 4 levels of severity. NISS and mortality were considered the dependent variables in inferential analyses. We calculated the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves, identified optimal cutoff points (Youden index), and calculated positive (PPV) and negative predictive values. Results: Of the 1039 trauma patients in the registry, 709 were included in the study. Their mean (SD) age was 40.4 (17.3) years, and 77.3% were men. Motorcycle accidents were the most common causes of trauma (in 21%), and mortality was 12.1%. Lactate concentration, pH, PCO2, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and blood sugar were significantly associated with severity and mortality. The PPVs corresponding to pH for the 4 NISS score groups (34-41, 42-49, 50-59, and $ 60) and mortality, respectively, were 61.2, 64.1, 70.7, 62.2, and 66.6. The PPVs of traditionally used clinical variables were lower. Conclusions: Patients with more severe trauma had lower pH values and higher PCO2, lactate, and base excess values. PCO2, pH, and blood sugar findings were the best predictors of severity. Metabolic variables are better predictors than traditionally recorded hemodynamic variables. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Ferimentos e Lesões/diagnóstico , Ferimentos e Lesões/mortalidade , Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Gasometria , Índices de Gravidade do Trauma
5.
Crit Care ; 24(1): 60, 2020 Feb 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32087761

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The knowledge of new prognostic factors in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) that can be evaluated since the beginning of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) manoeuvres could be helpful in the decision-making process of prehospital care. We aim to identify metabolic variables at the start of advanced CPR at the scene that may be associated with two main outcomes of CPR (recovery of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and neurological outcome). METHODS: Prospective observational study of all non-traumatic OHCA in patients older than 17 years assisted by emergency medical services (EMS), with doctor and nurse on board, between January 2012 and December 2017. Venous blood gases were sampled upon initially obtaining venous access to determine the initial values of pH, pCO2, HCO3-, base excess (BE), Na+, K+, Ca2+ and lactate. ROSC upon arrival at the hospital and neurological status 30 days later (Cerebral Performance Categories (CPC) scale) were recorded. RESULTS: We included 1552 patients with OHCA with blood test data in a 6-year period. ROSC was achieved in 906 cases (58.4%), and good neurological recovery at 30 days (CPC I-II) occurred in 383 cases (24.68%). In multivariate analysis, we found a significant relationship between non-recovery of spontaneous circulation (no-ROSC) and low pH levels (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.03 (0.002-0.59), p = 0.020), high pCO2 levels (adjusted OR 1.03 [1.01-1.05], p = 0.008) and high potassium levels (adjusted OR 2.28 [1.43-3.61], p = 0.008). Poor neurological outcomes were associated with low pH levels (adjusted OR 0.06 [0.02-0.18], p < 0.001), high pCO2 (adjusted OR 1.05 [1.03-1.08], p < 0.001), low HCO3- (adjusted OR 0.97 [0.94-0.999], p = 0.044), low BE (adjusted OR 0.96 [0.93-0.98], p < 0.001) and high potassium levels (adjusted OR 1.37 [1.16-1.60], p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: There is a significant relationship between severe alterations of venous blood-gas variables and potassium at the start of CPR of non-traumatic OHCA and low-ROSC rate and neurological prognosis.


Assuntos
Gasometria , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar , Serviços Médicos de Emergência , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Testes Hematológicos , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Razão de Chances , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/diagnóstico , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/terapia , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos
6.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 32(4): 400-409, ago. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-188840

RESUMO

Se presenta aquí el documento de consenso para la implantación y desarrollo del Código Sepsis en la Comunidad de Madrid, cuya redacción se completó en abril de 2017. Este documento ha sido adoptado por la Consejería de Sanidad madrileña como base de trabajo para la puesta en marcha del Código Sepsis, tanto en el ámbito hospitalario (hospitales de agudos y de media y larga estancia) como en Atención Primaria y los Servicios de Emergencia Extrahospitalaria. Se publica ahora sin modificaciones con respecto a la versión original, añadiendo únicamente las referencias bibliográficas más significativas. El documento se estructura en cuatro partes: introducción, detección y valoración iniciales, tratamiento inicial y organización asistencial. En las partes segunda a cuarta se proponen 25 recomendaciones, consensuadas por los autores después de varias reuniones presenciales y una extensa discusión "online". Se incluyen nueve tablas que pretenden servir de guía práctica para la activación y aplicación del código sepsis. Tanto el contenido de las recomendaciones como su redacción formal se han realizado teniendo en cuenta su aplicabilidad en todos los ámbitos a los que se dirigen, que cuentan con recursos y características estructurales y funcionales muy dispares, por lo que deliberadamente se ha huido de un mayor grado de concreción: el objetivo no es que el código sepsis se organice y se aplique de forma idéntica en todos ellos, sino que los recursos sanitarios trabajen de forma coordinada alineados en la misma dirección


The consensus paper for the implementation and development of the sepsis code, finished in April 2017 is presented here. It was adopted by the Regional Office of Health as a working document for the implementation of the sepsis code in the Community of Madrid, both in the hospital setting (acute, middle and long-stay hospitals) and in Primary Care and Out-of-Hospital Emergency Services. It is now published without changes with respect to the original version, having only added the most significant bibliographical references. The document is divided into four parts: introduction, initial detection and assessment, early therapy and organizational recommendations. In the second to fourth sections, 25 statements or proposals have been included, agreed upon by the authors after several face-to-face meetings and an extensive «online» discussion. The annex includes nine tables that are intended as a practical guide to the activation of the sepsis code. Both the content of the recommendations and their formal writing have been made taking into account their applicability in all areas to which they are directed, which may have very different structural and functional characteristics and features, so that we have deliberately avoided a greater degree of concretion: the objective is not that the sepsis code is organized and applied identically in all of them, but that the health resources work in a coordinated manner aligned in the same direction


Assuntos
Humanos , Consenso , Infecção Hospitalar/diagnóstico , Infecção Hospitalar/terapia , Tratamento de Emergência , Escores de Disfunção Orgânica , Sepse/diagnóstico , Sepse/terapia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores/análise , Lista de Checagem , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/diagnóstico , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/terapia , Tomada de Decisões Gerenciais , Diagnóstico Precoce , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/métodos , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Norepinefrina/uso terapêutico , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/organização & administração , Espanha , Vasoconstritores/uso terapêutico
9.
Emergencias ; 29(4): 253-256, 2017 07.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28825281

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To describe the management of acute agitation by Spanish emergency medical services (EMS) and assess the incidence of acute agitation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational descriptive study based on aggregate data from unpublished internal EMS reports. RESULTS: Seven participating emergency services received 4 306 213 emergency calls in 2013; 111 599 (2.6%, or 6.2 calls per 1000 population) were categorized as psychiatric emergencies. A total of 84 933 interventions (4.2%, or 4 per 1000 population) were required; 37 951 of the calls concerned agitated patients (1.9%, or 2 cases per 1000 population). Only 3 EMS mandated a specific procedure for their responders to use in such cases. CONCLUSION: The agitated patient is a common problem for EMS responders. Few teams apply specific procedures for managing these patients.


OBJETIVO: Evaluar la incidencia y el manejo de la agitación aguda por los servicios de emergencias médicas (SEM) en España. METODO: Estudio observacional descriptivo que utiliza datos agregados de las memorias de actividad o datos internos no publicados de los SEM. RESULTADOS: Durante el año 2013, los 7 SEM participantes recibieron 4.306.213 llamadas, de las cuales 111.599 (2,6%; 6,2 llamadas/1.000 habitantes) fueron categorizadas como psiquiátricas. Las actuaciones requeridas por motivos psiquiátricos fueron 84.933 (4,2% del total de actuaciones; 4,0 actuaciones/1.000 habitantes) y, de estas, 37.951 fueron por pacientes agitados (1,9% del total de actuaciones; 2,0 actuaciones/1.000 habitantes). Solo 3 SEM disponían de un procedimiento específico para los equipos asistenciales de atención al paciente psiquiátrico y al paciente agitado. CONCLUSIONES: El paciente agitado es un problema común en los equipos asistenciales de los SEM. Pocos de estos equipos cuentan con procedimientos específicos de actuación ante estos casos.


Assuntos
Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Agitação Psicomotora/epidemiologia , Doença Aguda , Gerenciamento Clínico , Emergências , Humanos , Incidência , Espanha/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e Questionários
10.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 29(4): 253-256, ago. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-165031

RESUMO

Objetivo. Evaluar la incidencia y el manejo de la agitación aguda por los servicios de emergencias médicas (SEM) en España. Método. Estudio observacional descriptivo que utiliza datos agregados de las memorias de actividad o datos internos no publicados de los SEM. Resultados. Durante el año 2013, los 7 SEM participantes recibieron 4.306.213 llamadas, de las cuales 111.599 (2,6%; 6,2 llamadas/1.000 habitantes) fueron categorizadas como psiquiátricas. Las actuaciones requeridas por motivos psiquiátricos fueron 84.933 (4,2% del total de actuaciones; 4,0 actuaciones/1.000 habitantes) y, de estas, 37.951 fueron por pacientes agitados (1,9% del total de actuaciones; 2,0 actuaciones/1.000 habitantes). Solo 3 SEM disponían de un procedimiento específico para los equipos asistenciales de atención al paciente psiquiátrico y al paciente agitado. Conclusiones. El paciente agitado es un problema común en los equipos asistenciales de los SEM. Pocos de estos equipos cuentan con procedimientos específicos de actuación ante estos casos (AU)


Objective. To describe the management of acute agitation by Spanish emergency medical services (EMS) and assess the incidence of acute agitation. Methods. Observational descriptive study based on aggregate data from unpublished internal EMS reports. Results. Seven participating emergency services received 4 306 213 emergency calls in 2013; 111 599 (2.6%, or 6.2 calls per 1000 population) were categorized as psychiatric emergencies. A total of 84 933 interventions (4.2%, or 4 per 1000 population) were required; 37 951 of the calls concerned agitated patients (1.9%, or 2 cases per 1000 population). Only 3 EMS mandated a specific procedure for their responders to use in such cases. Conclusions. The agitated patient is a common problem for EMS responders. Few teams apply specific procedures for managing these patients (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Agitação Psicomotora/epidemiologia , Intervenção na Crise/métodos , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento de Emergência/métodos , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Protocolos Clínicos
11.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 139(12): 515-521, nov. 2012. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-109592

RESUMO

Fundamento y objetivo. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la presencia de ritmo circadiano en la hora de inicio del infarto agudo de miocardio atendido por un sistema de emergencias prehospitalario, y la influencia en dicho ritmo de algunos factores de riesgo cardiovascular modificables y no modificables como posibles moduladores de ese patrón circadiano. Pacientes y método. Análisis retrospectivo de 709 pacientes con diagnóstico clínico confirmado in situ de infarto agudo de miocardio. Se analizan las variables: hora de inicio de los síntomas, edad, sexo, cardiopatía isquémica previa, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, dislipidemia y tabaquismo. El análisis de ritmo se ha efectuado utilizando un test simple de igualdad de series basado en el análisis cosinor de múltiples sinusoides, eligiendo 3 armónicos (24,12 y 8h) para su ajuste. Resultados. La hora de inicio del infarto muestra ritmo circadiano (p<0,001), con un pico máximo a las 10.39 y un valle a las 4.28, mostrando una curva sinusoidal ajustada de aspecto bimodal, con un pico matinal predominante y otro vespertino de menor amplitud. Todos los subgrupos categorizados por la presencia de las variables analizadas presentaron ritmo circadiano, con una curva sinusoidal similar a la de la población global. Los pacientes fumadores muestran un pico vespertino predominante. Conclusiones. El infarto de miocardio presenta ritmo circadiano. El tabaquismo y la diabetes modifican el patrón de ritmo circadiano habitual del infarto(AU)


Background and objectives. The aim of this study is to analyze the presence of circadian rhythm in the time of onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction treated by a prehospital emergency system and the influence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and non-modifiable as modulators of that circadian rhythm. Patients and methods. Retrospective analysis of 709 patients clinically diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction on-site in the prehospital setting. The variables were time to onset of symptoms, age, sex, previous ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and smoking. We analyzed the rhythm with cosinor multiple sinusoid method, with 3 harmonics (24, 12 and 8h) for the adjustment. Results. The time of onset of pain showed circadian rhythm (P <,001), peaking at 10.39 and a valley at 4.28, showing a sinusoidal curve fitting bimodal aspect with a predominant morning peak and another evening one of lower amplitude. All subgroups categorized by the study variables showed circadian rhythm, with a cosine curve similar to the global infarction. Smokers had a predominantly evening peak. Conclusions. Acute myocardial infarction shows a circadian rhythm. Smoking and diabetes mellitus can modify the standard incidence rate of occurrence of myocardial infarction(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Transtornos Cronobiológicos/fisiopatologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/fisiopatologia , Assistência Pré-Hospitalar , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatologia , Estudos Retrospectivos
12.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 139(12): 515-21, 2012 Nov 17.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22206796

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to analyze the presence of circadian rhythm in the time of onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction treated by a prehospital emergency system and the influence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and non-modifiable as modulators of that circadian rhythm. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 709 patients clinically diagnosed with acute myocardial infarction on-site in the prehospital setting. The variables were time to onset of symptoms, age, sex, previous ischemic heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia and smoking. We analyzed the rhythm with cosinor multiple sinusoid method, with 3 harmonics (24, 12 and 8h) for the adjustment. RESULTS: The time of onset of pain showed circadian rhythm (P <,001), peaking at 10.39 and a valley at 4.28, showing a sinusoidal curve fitting bimodal aspect with a predominant morning peak and another evening one of lower amplitude. All subgroups categorized by the study variables showed circadian rhythm, with a cosine curve similar to the global infarction. Smokers had a predominantly evening peak. CONCLUSIONS: Acute myocardial infarction shows a circadian rhythm. Smoking and diabetes mellitus can modify the standard incidence rate of occurrence of myocardial infarction.


Assuntos
Ritmo Circadiano , Emergências , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Infarto do Miocárdio/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/fisiopatologia , Catecolaminas/metabolismo , Comorbidade , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Hipertensão/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/epidemiologia , Isquemia Miocárdica/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Taxa Secretória , Fumar/epidemiologia , Fumar/fisiopatologia , Espanha/epidemiologia
13.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 22(1): 9-14, feb. 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-98575

RESUMO

Objectives: To measure blood lactate concentrations before and after administration of hydroxocobalamin outside the hospital in patients suspected of having cyanuric acid poisoning due to fire-related smoke inhalation and to assess the metabolic efficacy of hydroxocobalamin as an antidote. Methods: Prospective, observational, single-group longitudinal study analyzing the percentage decrease in lactate concentration after administration of hydroxocobalamin and the time elapsed until the reduction in concentration. Patients had been injured in fires attended by the Madrid municipal citizen protection emergency service (SAMURCitizen Protection), had signs of smoke inhalation from fires in confined spaces and blood lactate concentration sexceeding 7.5 mmol/L on the scene. Patients with signs of hemodynamic instability were excluded. Hydroxocobalamin was administered immediately after the results of the first blood test had been obtained. A second measurement of blood lactate concentration was performed with the same analyzer on arrival at the hospital. Results: Twenty-eight patients were included. The mean (SD) time between the 2 lactate measurements was 31.9 (9.1)minutes. The mean (SD) lactate concentration was 10.2 (2.2) mmol/L initially and 6.7 (2.1) mmol/L at the second (..) (AU)


Objetivos: Conocer la variabilidad de los niveles de lactato en sangre antes y después de la administración extrahospitalaria de hidroxocobalamina, en pacientes con sospecha de intoxicación por derivados del cianuro debida a inhalación de humos en el curso de un incendio, así como valorar la efectividad metabólica que, como antídoto, tiene la hidroxocobalamina. Método: Estudio prospectivo, observacional y longitudinal, sin grupo control, que analiza el porcentaje de disminución de los niveles de lactato tras la administración de hidroxocobalamina y el periodo de tiempo en el que se produce ese descenso. Se incluyeron pacientes víctimas de un incendio atendidos por el Servicio de Emergencias del Ayuntamiento de Madrid (SAMUR-Protección Civil) que presentaban signos de inhalación de humo en el curso de incendios en espacios confinados y en quienes los niveles de lactato en sangre en la escena eran mayores de 7,5 mmol/l. Se descartaron todos aquellos pacientes con signos de inestabilidad hemodinámica. La hidroxocobalamina fue administrada inmediatamente tras el resultado del primer análisis. Una segunda medida de lactato en sangre fue realizada a la llegada al hospital con el mismo analizador. Resultados: Se incluyeron 28 pacientes. La media de tiempo entre las dos mediciones de lactato fue de 31,9 ± 9,1 min. El lactato inicial fue de 10,2 ± 2,2 nmol/L y el final fue de 6,7 ± 2,1 nmol/l, lo cual supuso un descenso medio de 3,4 ± 1,7 mmol/L (IC al95% de 2,7-4,1) que equivale a una diferencia porcentual entre ambas mediciones del 33% (p < 0,001). No se observaron diferencias entre el descenso observado para los (..) (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Hidroxocobalamina/uso terapêutico , Cianetos/envenenamento , Intoxicação/tratamento farmacológico , Ácido Láctico/sangue , Antídotos/uso terapêutico , Exposição por Inalação/estatística & dados numéricos , Lesão por Inalação de Fumaça/epidemiologia , Incêndios , Tratamento de Emergência/métodos
15.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 21(1): 12-16, feb. 2009. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-60095

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar la importancia de la aplicación de la desfibrilación semiautomática en el tratamiento de paradas cardiorrespiratorias (PCR) no presenciadas, de cualquier etiología, atendidas inicialmente por unidades de Soporte Vital Básico (SVB), mediante el análisis de la supervivencia y valoración neurológica a los 7 días del suceso. Método: Estudio prospectivo, descriptivo transversal/longitudinal, que analiza la supervivencia y el estado neurológico mediante la Escala de Glasgow-Pittsburg a los 7 días de la PCR de 233 pacientes atendidos durante un periodo de 5 años por el servicio urbano de emergencias extrahospitalarias de doble escalón de Madrid (SAMUR-PC).Resultados: La supervivencia “ad integrum” tras una PCR no presenciada fue de7,29%, muy próxima a los resultados globales de recuperación en nuestro servicio(12%), en los que se incluyen las PCR atendidas inicialmente por unidades de Soporte Vital Avanzado (SVA). Se constata una diferencia significativa entre los pacientes desfibrilados precozmente por SVB y aquéllos que por su ritmo inicial no lo habían sido. La demanda inicial de asistencia sólo hizo prever una PCR en el 37,7% de todos los casos. Conclusiones: La primera respuesta a la PCR con unidades de SVB con desfibrilador semiautomático(DEA) puede alcanzar niveles de supervivencia similares a la asistencia inicial por SVA (AU)


Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the importance of the use of semiautomatic defibrillation for the treatment of out-of-hospital cardio respiratory arrest of any etiology attended initially by basic life support ambulance services. The analysis was based on survival and neurological evaluation 7 days after the event. Design: A prospective, descriptive, transverse, longitudinal study that analyzed survival and the neurological status using the Glasgow-Pittsburgh scale 7 days after cardio respiratory arrest in 233 patients attended over a 5-year period by a twotier, urban, out-of-hospital emergency service based in Madrid, Spain (SAMUR-PC).Results: Survival with complete recovery observed after out-of-hospital cardio respiratory arrest was 7.29%, a figure very similar to the results for recovery in our department (12%), which included the arrests attended directly by advanced life-support services. There was a significant difference between the patients given early defibrillation by the basic life-support team and those in whom this was not performed based on the initial rhythm. It was also found that the initial call for assistance specified cardio respiratory arrest or unconsciousness in only 37.7% of cases. Conclusions: The primary response to cardio respiratory arrest by basic life support ambulance services with semiautomatic external defibrillators can achieve survivals similar to those in patients attended directly by advanced life-support services (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cardioversão Elétrica , Desfibriladores , Parada Cardíaca/terapia , Parada Cardíaca/mortalidade , /instrumentação , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Transversais , Análise de Sobrevida , Espanha/epidemiologia
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